led light running arrows showing the position circuit and explanation

This is a led light running circuit with a number generated from IC CD4093, CD4520 and CD4094.This circuit can adjust the speed with resistors R1.When entering the power supply to the circuit IC1. A nand gate IC Oscillator generator circuit is connected to the input signal generator to pin 1 of IC2 and pin 3 of the IC3.When receiving the signal from IC1 IC2 will serve up the signal from the logic into the binary.Then sent to the pin 5 and pin 6 of IC1, IC1, which will process a nand gate.The IC3 is the signal from IC1 to processing and export of pin 4, 5, 6 and 7.Then entered into the base of the transistor pins Q1-Q4.Any work on the transistor connected to the LED pin collector will glow out come.For the format of the 17 LED Lights, arranged as a form of directional arrows.
source: www.eleccircuit.com

BLUE 5LED NEON MOTORCYCLE-CAR-BOAT-HOME-POD-LIGHT-BRIGHT 5 LED ACCENT GLOW

This DIY 5 LED spreader comes with 5 bright LED bulbs mounted in a 16mm X 10mm X 65mm enclosure. The two outer set leds are at a 45 degree angle, the two mid set are a 60 degree, and the center led is 90 degree. They come with 3 foot long, 22 gauge and 2-wire black sheathed lead that can be widely used in any 12 volt application for home decoration and auto modding.
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BC557 based Flashing Eyes circuit with explanation

Two-LED-eyes follow the rhythm of music or speech, 3V Battery-operated device suitable for pins or badges
This circuit was purposely designed as a funny Halloween gadget. It should be placed to the rear of a badge or pin bearing a typical Halloween character image, e.g. a pumpkin, skull, black cat, witch, ghost etc. Two LEDs are fixed in place of the eyes of the character and will shine more or less brightly following the rhythm of the music or speech picked-up from surroundings by a small microphone. Two transistors provide the necessary amplification and drive the LEDs.

Parts:
R1 = 10K
R2 = 1M
R3 = 1K
C1 = 4.7uF-25V
C2 = 47uF-25V
D1 = 2mm LED
D2 = 2mm LED
Q1 = BC547
Q2 = BC557
B1 = 3V Battery
SW1 = SPST Switch
MIC1 = Electret Mic

Notes:
* Any general purpose, small signal transistor can be used for Q1 and Q2, but please note that R3 could require adjustment, depending on the gain of Q1. For medium gain transistors, the suggested value should do the job. High gain transistors will require a lower value for R3, i.e. about 390 – 470 Ohm. You can substitute R3 with a 1K Trimmer in order to set precisely the threshold of the circuit.
* Any LED type and color can be used, but small, 2mm diameter, high efficiency LEDs will produce a better effect.
* No limiting resistors are required for D1 and D2 even if this could seem incorrect.
* Stand-by current consumption of the circuit is about 1.5mA.
* Depending on dimensions of your badge, you can choose from a wide variety of battery types:
* 2 x 1.5 V batteries type: AA, AAA, AAAA, button clock-type, photo-camera type & others.
* 2 x 1.4 V mercury batteries, button clock-type.

Source : www.redcircuits.com

Flashing-LED Battery-status Indicator circuit with explanation

Signals when an on-circuit battery is exhausted

5V to 12V operating voltage

A Battery-status Indicator circuit can be useful, mainly to monitor portable Test-gear instruments and similar devices.
LED D1 flashes to attire the user’s attention, signaling that the circuit is running, so it will not be left on by mistake. The circuit generates about two LED flashes per second, but the mean current drawing will be about 200µA.
Transistors Q1 and Q2 are wired as an uncommon complementary astable multivibrator: both are off 99% of the time, saturating only when the LED illuminates, thus contributing to keep very low current consumption.

The circuit will work with battery supply voltages in the 5 – 12V range and the LED flashing can be stopped at the desired battery voltage (comprised in the 4.8 – 9V value) by adjusting Trimmer R4. This range can be modified by changing R3 and/or R4 value slightly.
When the battery voltage approaches the exhausting value, the LED flashing frequency will fall suddenly to alert the user. Obviously, when the battery voltage has fallen below this value, the LED will remain permanently off.
To keep stable the exhausting voltage value, diode D1 was added to compensate Q1 Base-Emitter junction changes in temperature. The use of a Schottky-barrier device (e.g. BAT46, 1N5819 and the like) for D1 is mandatory: the circuit will not work if a common silicon diode like the 1N4148 is used in its place.

Parts:
R1,R7__________220R 1/4W Resistors
R2_____________120K 1/4W Resistor
R3_______________5K6 1/4W Resistor
R4_______________5K 1/2W Trimmer Cermet or Carbon
R5______________33K 1/4W Resistor
R6_____________680K 1/4W Resistor
R8_____________100K 1/4W Resistor
R9_____________180R 1/4W Resistor
C1,C2____________4µ7 25V Electrolytic Capacitors
D1____________BAT46 100V 150mA Schottky-barrier Diode
D2______________LED Red 5mm.
Q1____________BC547 45V 100mA NPN Transistor
Q2____________BC557 45V 100mA PNP Transistor
B1_______________5V to 12V Battery supply

Read more Source: http://www.redcircuits.com/Page135.htm

Lamp Flasher Portable circuit

Here is a portable, high-power incandescent electric lamp flasher. It is basically a dual flasher (alternating blinker) that can handle two separate 230V AC loads (bulbs L1 and L2). The circuit is fully transistorised and battery-powered. The free-running oscillator circuit is realised using two low-power, low-noise transistors T1 and T2. One of the two transistors is always conducting, while the other is blocking.

Due to regular charging and discharging of capacitors C1 and C2, the two transistors alternate between conduction and non-conduction states. The collector of transistor T1 is connected to the base of driver transistor T4 through current-limiting resistor R5. Similarly, the collector of transistor T2 is connected to the base of driver transistor T3 through limiting resistor R6. These transistors are used to trigger Triac1 and Triac2 (each BT136) through optotriacs IC1 and IC2, respectively, and switch on the power supply to external loads L1 and L2.
IC1 and IC2 operate alternatively at a low frequency determined by the values of capacitors C1 and C2. The oscillator circuit built around transistors T1 and T2 generates low frequencies. When transistor T3 conducts, IC1 is enabled to ire Triac1 and bulb L1 glows. Similarly, when transistor T4 conducts, IC2 is enabled to ire Triac2 and bulb L2 glows. Connect the power supply line (L) of mains to bulbs L1 and L2, and neutral (N) to T1 terminals of Triac1 and Triac2.
You can also connect neutral (N) line of the external 230V mains supply to both loads (bulbs L1 and L2) as a common line and then route supply line (L) to respective loads (bulbs L1 and L2). The circuit works off only 3 volts. Since current consumption is fairly low, two AA-type cells are suficient to power the circuit. Assemble the circuit on a general-purpose PCB and enclose in a suitable plastic cabinet with integrated AA-size pen-light cell holder. Drill holes for mounting the ‘on’/‘off’ switch and power switching terminals. Also connect two bulb holders for bulbs L1 and L2.
EFY note:
* While assembling, testing or repairing, take care to avoid the lethal electric shock.
Author: EFY Mag
Read more:http://www.extremecircuits.net/2010/05/portable-lamp-flasher.html

Led light bar scan back and forth led two color circuit with explanation

This circuit is a circuit run on alternating two colors.It uses the 2-color LED with a built-in 3-pin single.This will chase away the glow of each LED until the end.It turns alternating to another color.In any way to the moon on the moon first end, then the LED end of the first LED.Circuit consists of, nand gate ic.Two 10 Counter circuits IC, and IC JK flip flop.
Operation of the circuit is divided into 3 sets.It is a set of signal generators, a set of display and control.Set the signal generator is IC1a,and IC1b number 4011 is a signal generator.The R2, R3, C2 determine the frequency generated.The signal is fed to a set of impressions is the number 4011 IC2 and IC3.The 10 counter circuits to output to the LED, and Is the same, but the work must be performed one at side. Therefore, the signal from pin 11 of IC 2 and tested for D2 and D3,To pin 3 of IC4.The integrated circuit IC 4 is a JK flip flop is connected to a T flip flop.The signal input pin 3 and pin 1 is the output signal.Which sends a signal to the Reset IC either stop working.IC4 on the anniversary, it will output the first time, in contrast to pin1.IC3 make work, IC2 stopped.
IC2 is controlled by signals from pin 1 of IC4, to IC1c.Prior to control IC2.The IC3 is connected to pins 1 through D1 to the control again.

LM339 based Grand Prix Starting Lights circuit

This circuit reproduces the starting light sequence currently used by FISA for Formula One racing. It could be used with slot car sets (such as HO scale AFX/Life Like/Tyco sets) or radio controlled cars. IC1, a 555 timer IC, is used as a clock pulse generator. Its output is fed via NAND gates IC2a and IC2c to IC3, a 4024 binary counter. IC2b inverts the O4 output of 4024 binary counter IC3. Initially, IC3 is reset and all its outputs are low, including O4, which causes IC2b to present a logical high to the pin 8 input of IC2c which then passes pulses from the 555 clock circuit to the clock input of the 4024. IC3 then begins counting.

After the count has reached binary 1111, the next pulse sends the O4 output of IC3 high, which disables IC2c and IC3 stops counting. The four used outputs of IC3 are connected to a resistor ‘ladder’ which acts as a simple digital to analog convert-er (DAC). As the count increases so does the voltage produced at the top of the ladder and this is connected to the inverting inputs of four comparators inside IC4 (an LM339) and to IC5, which is a 741 op amp also connected as a comparator.

The positive inputs of the comparators are connected to the taps of a voltage divider, with the tapping voltages set using VR1, a 100kO trimpot. As IC3 counts, the rising stepped voltage from the DAC ladder switches the comparators on in sequence, starting with IC4d and working up to IC5. As each comparator is turned on, its pair of LEDs is lit; first LEDs 1 & 2, then LEDs 3 & 4 and so on. When all five pairs of LEDs are lit, the next pulse from IC1 moves the binary count of IC3 to 10000, so the DAC voltage drops back to zero and all LEDs are extinguished. At the same time, counting also stops, because the high on O4 causes IC2c to block further gate pulses. The circuit then remains inactive until the counter is reset by pressing pushbutton switch S1. This allows a new sequence to begin.
Author: David Richards – Copyright: Silicon Chip Electronics
Source:http://www.extremecircuits.net/2010/06/grand-prix-starting-lights_12.html